This project seeks to develop a model that uses pharmacodynamic data from prior studies with Carbon-60, a naturally occurring molecule of carbon, and carbon nanotubes in pregnant and lactating women and pharmacodynamic data from cardio-, pulmonary-, and other -cell based in vitro and ex vivo studies. Pregnancy that is compromised by both obesity and heart disease particles is of considerable importance in understanding risk to the mother, fetus, and child. This study will observe how differences in distribution of particles to the lungs and reproductive tissues relates to risks of heart and lung/airway diseases, and risks to the developing fetus or developing offspring are areas of interests.