This project had four main aims: (1) To characterize the types of drinking venues, their immediate context, and surrounding neighborhood characteristics in the sampled neighborhood blocks in several large Black/African and Coloured communities in Cape Town, South Africa; (2) To refine through qualitative methods the proposed interventions in relation to skills-building to address gender-role expectations, sexual partnering, gender and power, violence, and environments where drinking and sexual risk behaviors occur; (3) To conduct a randomized group trial to compare the relative efficacy of a comprehensive intervention to the gender-focused intervention on reducing AOD use, sexual risk behavior, and GBV at 6- and 12-month follow-ups; and (4) To assess the mechanisms through which the intervention effects may occur and to identify groups for whom the interventions have the greatest effect on study outcomes of AOD use, sexual risk, and GBV.